New Adobe Flash Games

Imagine yourself locked in a daring guessing game where each card drawn teases the edge of chance and desire. You’re not just playing for points here; each correct guess strips away the barriers between you and a sultry brunette named Catie. The mechanics are simple, yet addictive: click on the ‘higher’ or ‘lower’ button and hold your breath as the card flips over. This isn’t just about winning; it’s about inching closer to revealing Catie in all her alluring glory. The photos themselves aren’t just snapshots; they’re a slow-burning striptease captured frame by frame. Whether you’re a fan of classic card games reinvented with an erotic twist, or you crave a fresh way to engage with an unforgettable model, this game delivers. With every card turned, you’re not just testing your luck - you’re stoking desire, building anticipation for the moment when Catie is finally fully revealed. Click higher or lower and let the game take control, revealing a brunette enchantress whose playful striptease waits for those clever enough to earn it.

Build your empire by training and selling girls. Customize every character to fit your vision and invest your earnings to improve their abilities and upgrade your surroundings.

Managing this brothel is more than just business, it’s an adventure into control and desire. Each girl you train grows stronger, more appealing, and more valuable.

Expand your territory, add new rooms, and create an irresistible playground for your growing roster. The deeper you dive into management, the more complex and rewarding your gameplay becomes.

This game offers a raw, adult-focused experience packed with hentai visuals and intense interactions. Balance your time between training sessions, upgrading equipment, and negotiating deals.

If you’re craving a daring mix of strategy, RPG growth, and adult content, this game delivers. Every girl’s development is a story – shape their future and watch your empire thrive.

Step into a world where desire meets strategy and every choice matters. Don’t wait, take command now and create the ultimate brothel experience.

The dining table becomes a cruel stage where torment unfolds relentlessly. Her big breasts are the center of attention, squeezed and milked with an unbroken rhythm. There’s no respite here, no escape from the tight bondage that holds her in place. Each squeeze sends a shiver through her, mixing pain and pleasure in a tangled mess of sensations. Her dark hair falls messily around her shoulders, framing a face flushed with a mix of shame and want. This isn’t just about punishment - it’s ritualistic, a brutal dance of dominance and submission that plays out in this confined space. She’s caught between resistance and surrender, fighting to hold onto some shred of dignity even as her body betrays her. The air is thick with the scent of sweat and leather, every breath heavy with anticipation and raw desire. This is no ordinary experience; it’s a dark fantasy brought to life, a scenario where limits are tested and boundaries shattered. If you crave the thrill of domination and the intoxicating sight of a beautiful brunette pushed beyond limits, this game pulls you deep into that world. Take hold of the reins and decide how far this brutal session goes - will you break her or bring her to new heights of submission?.

Right outside under the open sky, Yoruichi Shihouin is aching to be teased and fucked by two men. Gin has already claimed the role of the one who fucks, leaving you as the master of teasing.

Your goal is to explore every inch of Yoruichi’s body, searching out those delicate, sensitive spots that spark pleasure rather than pain. Only by balancing gentle caresses with fiery stimulation can you push her closer and closer to an unforgettable orgasm.

Feel the rush as her body responds to your touch, hips milling against Gin’s thrusts while you toy with her flushed skin. This isn’t just about mindless sex - it’s a tight rope walk filled with sensuous control as you manipulate her tender spots with naughty precision.

While Gin drives deep into her slick folds, you’ll unlock a world of sensations by exploring her luscious curves, her neck, thighs, nipples, and Pussy lips. This dual sensation, the tongue-lashing fuck and tender teasing, creates an intoxicating blend of ecstasy she won’t soon forget.

The choice of where and how to tease is yours - slip beneath her silk robes, caress her inner thighs, or gently pinch her nipples, all waiting for your expert touch. But beware - too much roughness can turn her arousal into annoyance, and no one wants to spoil a beautiful climax.

As Yoruichi’s breaths grow ragged and her muscle twitches intensify, the finale approaches fast - cumshot after cumshot fills the night air, mixing with the scent of sweat and musk.

This hentai minigame fuses raw, explicit action with a teasing slow burn, making you a vital partner in Yoruichi’s sultry fantasy come alive. Ready yourself to test your erotic wit and sensitivity as you transform this steamy Bleach crossover into your private playground of lust.

When the xenobits try to force their way into another section of this vessel, they'll have to deal with one hell of an armored blonde beauty first. She's already dripping wet from the intense chemical warfare flooding the ship's atmosphere, but don't be fooled – she can slam two xenobits out at once if you're careless.

Will the xenobits manage to silence her before she sounds the alarm, warning her sisters and unleashing a deadly counterattack? Or will they instead break her down with relentless pleasure, forcing an orgasm so intense it erases all thoughts of defense and safety?

This isn't just a battle of brute force – it's an intoxicating clash of science and raw desire, where every move can tilt the balance between domination and surrender. As the amber lights flicker over her soaked curves and armor, the xenobits know one wrong step could mean instant defeat or unexpected arousal.

Choose your moves carefully, because taking her down isn’t just about brute strength – it’s a fight to control the wild pulse racing beneath her skin. Do you have the cunning and nerve to conquer this stunning guardian and tear open the ship’s defenses?

This game delivers steamy hentai visuals, big tits wrapped in futuristic armor, and intense sci-fi action unfolding on a claustrophobic spaceship. Every frame pulses with danger and desire, drawing you deeper into a world where alien bits collide with human heat.

This game requires the latest Adobe Flash Player to run smoothly, ideally using Google Chrome for the best experience.

Currently in BETA, this chapter is packed with intense action, vivid scenes, and steamy encounters, though there’s still a wealth of images and polish to come.

You’ll find over 100 explicit pictures, nine sprawling locations, five dynamic combat animations, and 85 unique events that push the story forward.

From savage villages of wild tribes to the eerie dominion of demons, your journey spans dark forests, towering elven castles, and war-torn battlefields.

Meet compelling characters like Jane, the last archmage, and Adot, the final chief of the Peace Guard, each adding layers of intrigue and desire.

Engage in a climactic war against demons that will test your cunning and lustful resolve, complete with two cinematic sequences - one short and one extended.

Manage followers of the Church of Elana and summon spirits to aid you, unlocking new layers of power and temptation.

The game also offers a challenging final minigame that tests your skills and rewards your persistence.

For detailed patch notes and guides on where to find everything, visit the official blog posts linked below.

If you have questions or need assistance, the developers welcome your feedback and are eager to help.

Support the game’s ongoing development through Patreon, or simply spread the word and leave feedback to keep the momentum going.

Music composed by Tomas Polcic and Midnights Ocean sets a seductive tone, while erotic audio from ListentoPO heightens the intimate atmosphere.

Stay updated with news and announcements via the official blog and Tumblr, and dive deeper into the lore with the dedicated game wiki.

Get lost in a world where lust, power, and adventure collide, and every choice leads you deeper into Elana’s dark and seductive realm.

This wild blonde is obsessed with the Jerry Springer show. If only you could be Jerry himself, she’d throw herself at you without a second thought. But you’re not him, which means you’ve got to work your charm and skill to win her over. This game tests your pickup prowess with a twisted, unpredictable blonde who’s as wild as they come. Every move counts, every word could push her closer or drive her away. You’ll find yourself tangled in heated conversations that mimic the outrageous Jerry Springer episodes. This isn’t some tame dorm romance; it’s a rollercoaster of lust, confrontation, and wild flirting. The reward? A night of unrestrained passion with a crazy blonde who won’t hold back. Luck helps, but skill and boldness seal the deal. Are you ready to step into the chaotic world of pickup, where the stakes are high and the blonde is crazier than ever?. No safe bets, no easy wins - just raw, chaotic fun with a crazy blonde who lives for drama and lust.

A stunning redhead with big tits is eager for your touch. Start by shredding her awful clothes to reveal her soft, inviting skin underneath. Your hands will roam over her tender curves, making her shiver with pleasure.

Slowly part her thighs to expose her most intimate secret. Lick her pussy with teasing flicks of your tongue, feeling her body tremble under your lips. Don’t forget to toy with her nipples, letting her moans grow louder and deeper.

This game captures the essence of a passionate encounter with a Japanese vixen, inspired by the iconic Rangiku Matsumoto. Your knowledge of Japanese culture and language might come in handy.

Every move you make draws her closer to ecstasy. Take your time exploring her body, savoring every reaction. This is not just a game - it’s an invitation to indulge in your fantasies.

Ready your fingers, your tongue, and your imagination. Strip away her clothes, tease her body, and push her limits. The night belongs to you both - surrender to the craving.

Mia is burning hot and ready to be taken hard tonight. She’s dripping in latex, her big boobs bouncing as you push her down in the dojo.

Slide behind her, grip those hips, and fuck her raw from behind until she’s gasping for more. Switch positions with the control buttons to explore every angle of pleasure.

She loves it when you dominate her, taking charge and making her scream your name. Every shot you fire into her tight hole or ass marks your territory like a true king of fighters.

This isn’t just a hentai parody - it’s a full-on, raw experience where Mia’s lust runs wild. Feel the intensity of the fight fade away as you focus on fucking her harder, faster, and deeper.

If you’re a KOF enthusiast, this game brings Mai Shiranui’s fiercest rival to life in the most explicit way. Don’t hold back - use the controls to experiment with every toy and position, making sure Mia’s pleasure is off the charts.

Get lost in the sweaty, raw world of this adult parody where every thrust counts and every moan drives you crazier

Feast your eyes on a voluptuous beauty with enormous breasts, her curves begging for your attention. This hentai game throws censorship out the window, delivering raw and uninhibited sexual encounters. Use the intuitive clickdot buttons or simply tap the dots to flip between different scenes.

The plot centers on a sultry milf whose big tits are just the beginning of what she offers. Her passionate encounters include skillful titjobs that tease and please, leading to intense vaginal sex moments. Every scene is crafted to bring out the full spectrum of eroticism, making you feel like you’re right there with her.

Whether you're here for the juicy breast play or the hardcore vaginal action, this game delivers it all. The anime art style captures every detail - from the soft skin to the wet glistening folds, adding realism to the lustful fantasies.

Click, explore, and get lost in a world where adult fun knows no limits. Don't hesitate – the next scene is just a click away, waiting to fulfill your biggest cravings.

This is more than a game; it's an exploration of lust and raw desire.

Gloria came to see her doctor today, but fate had other plans - her usual physician is out sick. Luckily, you happen to be a doctor too, and there's no way you'll let this stunning woman leave without some kind of attention. After a quick examination, you realize that Gloria's troubles stem from one simple issue - she’s not getting nearly enough satisfaction.

So why wait? You decide the best treatment plan is right here, right now. If you believe this will help, Gloria is more than willing to follow your lead. The room heats up as you begin to undress her, your hands exploring the curves of her big breasts and soft skin.

Every touch sends shivers down her spine, and the tension between doctor and patient grows thicker. Gloria’s eyes lock onto yours, filled with anticipation and a hunger that matches your own.

With each stroke and kiss, you dive deeper into this forbidden roleplay, the doctor-patient fantasy coming alive in vivid detail. Her moans fill the room, echoing the pleasure that only you can provide.

Don’t hold back - take control, explore every desire, and prove that sometimes the best medicine is a passionate touch. This isn’t just a checkup anymore - it’s an intoxicating dance of seduction, power, and raw, unfiltered pleasure.

Are you ready to become Gloria’s unexpected savior and show her how good the right kind of treatment can feel?

Imagine walking into your office and instantly realizing that Sam is nowhere to be found. This unexpected situation throws your day into chaos, forcing you to juggle your responsibilities while uncovering what happened.

Meanwhile, the tangled web involving Emma Logan and her blackmail scandal at "Hotels Deluxe" magazine thickens. If you thought this was just about steamy scenes with gorgeous models, think again.

This isn’t just a collection of sensual clips; it’s a story-driven video quest where your choices influence how the narrative unfolds.

Every day on the job brings new challenges and opportunities to engage with hot ladies who aren’t just eye candy - they’re part of your world.

But beware, this dream job comes with its share of problems - nothing is as easy as it seems when sex, power, and secrets collide.

Ready to take control and see where your choices lead? This game invites you to explore every risqué corner of this tantalizing world.

Whether you’re here for the real model stripteases or the gripping narrative, this game delivers both in spades.

Don't just watch - participate. Your actions determine who gets seduced, who gets betrayed, and how the story ends.

You embody a young, daring illusionist living in a magical fairy nation. Armed with a varied array of magic spells, your goal is to gain experience and win the hand of a stunning blonde princess whose heat knows no bounds. The story launches right outside your wizard's cottage, where you must navigate tricky obstacles and avoid costly mistakes that threaten to halt your progress.

Casting spells, you’ll break through barriers standing between you and your prize. Along the way, the dimly lit tavern becomes your playground, where you can hook up with various voluptuous women eager to share some naughty fun. These encounters aren’t just for pleasure – they build your confidence and reputation in this medieval realm full of lust and danger.

Seduction of the princess drives everything. Every spell you cast, every risk you take, moves you closer to that final, breathtaking moment where you’ll ravish her imperial pussy in the grand castle halls. This blonde fantasy is dripping with raw desire and magic-fueled temptation, blending humor with steamy moments that keep your pulse racing.

If you’re craving a mix of big tits, spellbinding quests, and medieval eroticism wrapped in a clever, provocative storyline, this game throws you headfirst into the fray. Test your cunning as you explore a world where every choice matters and every woman you meet could be the key or a trap. Ready to dive into a relentless pursuit of pleasure and power? Your magical adventure awaits – get out there and claim what’s yours.

School's out for the holidays, and Alyssa is packing up her bags to visit her cousin Emilee. She thought this trip would revolve around a project or something academic, but Emilee has more carnal plans in mind.

The moment Alyssa arrives, she senses the air thick with anticipation. Emilee’s place isn’t just a quiet refuge; it’s ground zero for flirtation and steamy games. Boys linger in every corner, whispers and secrets fill the rooms.

Alyssa finds herself quickly pulled into a whirlwind of seduction and temptation. Every glance from Emilee seems loaded with unspoken invitations. There’s no turning back as Alyssa navigates through stolen touches and flirty challenges.

Throughout this 3D adventure, players unravel a story layered with lust and discovery. Choices shape Alyssa’s path - will she resist the temptation or give in to raw desire?. The holiday won’t just be a break from studies; it becomes a game of hearts, bodies, and endless nights.

Ready to follow Alyssa as her quiet trip explodes into a passionate saga? Jump into the story and let desire guide your every move.

This game blends the challenge of a memory card game with raw, erotic visuals featuring both hentai art and 3D sexy models. Each level presents a fresh set of nude photos and provocative artwork designed to test your recall while keeping you visually hooked. The game introduces a new mode where every female figure is displayed in full, letting you appreciate every sultry detail. Before each round, take a moment to read the instructions carefully to understand any new twists or rules that will keep your brain sharp and your eyes entertained. This isn’t just a simple matching game – it’s a sensuous journey through provocative imagery that keeps you hooked both mentally and visually. Featuring real model-inspired 3D characters and high-quality hentai designs, the visuals here are crafted to satisfy fans of both styles. Whether you want to sharpen your memory or just enjoy flipping through gorgeous nude images, this game hits both marks with style and heat. Dive into a world where every match uncovers more than just a pair - it reveals intimate glimpses of women posing provocatively to keep your pulse racing.

A naughty schoolgirl in a crisp uniform with teasing pigtails is eager to please you with a mouth full of lust. She’s not shy at all – in fact, she's downright slutty as she slowly loses her clothes for you. Every clickable action lets you control the experience, moving closer to raw pleasure one touch at a time. Her mouth wraps around your cock with hungry enthusiasm, lips slick and warm. The tension builds as she teases, sucks, and moans, lost in the rhythm that only you set. Undressing her is a game of temptation - every revealing moment increases her daring and your hunger. Short but intensely satisfying, this miniature game combines cute and filthy into an electrifying encounter. Ready to lose yourself in this provocative exchange? Each click is a step closer to unrestrained bliss.

Orcs and goblins might be dumb when it comes to setting traps, they finally caught something irresistible this time. A lone female priest, wandering deep in their dank basement, unaware of the horrors waiting has become their delicious prey.

If you’ve ever fantasized about seeing a busty priestess with luscious tits and a round, tempting ass, being relentlessly fucked by a horde of goblins and orcs, this interactive manga porn minigame is exactly what you crave.

The game challenges you to explore and discover unique options hidden beneath the surface, some of which aren’t immediately obvious. Every click brings you deeper into an erotic world where fantasy meets raw, uncensored passion.

The priestess’s innocence slowly erodes as she’s taken hard and deep by multiple orcs with massive BBCs. Her body writhes with pleasure and pain, every thrust pushing her closer to forbidden ecstasy.

This isn’t just another fantasy RPG ripoff. It’s a well-crafted parody that combines the charm of classic jRPGs with unfiltered adult content.

Don’t hesitate - uncover every secret, trigger every scene, and watch the priestess fall deeper into depravity. This wicked manga experience promises a wild ride full of gangbangs, deepthroats, and bbc-filled thrills.|The priestess's only desire is to lose herself in overwhelming waves of raw, unfiltered pleasure. She eagerly welcomes thick BBCs, her body becoming a wild playground for brutal gangbangs that leave no inch untouched. The tension builds fast as the crowd closes in, every cock aching to be the next to fill her hungry depths. You don’t need to have played Dragon Quest to get hooked; the story quickly spirals into an unhinged frenzy of lust and dripping cum. Her skin becomes a living canvas smeared with the mess of semen and sweat as new participants eagerly add their marks. Your choices drive the night deeper into filthy territory, escalating every encounter until she’s utterly consumed by the chaos. From desperate deepthroat sessions to overwhelming gangbangs, you control the flow of raw passion that engulfs the priestess. The game’s unfiltered, graphic scenes paint a vivid picture of wanton surrender, leaving nothing to the imagination. If pushing limits and exploring taboo pleasures are what drive you, this game throws you straight into the fire.}

Halloween night is alive with lust and mischief when all these naughty bitches are dripping with desire. Some tease you with barely-there costumes that highlight every curve, others? They’re ready to rip those outfits off without hesitation. Tonight, your playmate is a blonde bombshell from that reckless, uninhibited group.

The game itself might seem innocent at first glance - classic tic tac toe. But beneath that surface lies a deliciously twisted challenge where each move brings her closer to losing her clothes. Figuring out the perfect tactic isn’t just about winning a board game; it’s about slowly stripping the sexy witch down until there’s nothing left but her raw skin.

This 3D beauty moves, reacts, and strips with every lost round, making each moment immersive and hot as hell. She’s not your average player; this horny witch knows how to tease, taunt, and tempt you while exposing herself piece by piece.

Logic and lust collide in this intense strip minigame, where your brainpower directly controls how much skin she bares. If you can outsmart her, you’ll strip away every last piece of clothing hiding that flawless body.

Ready to put your logic skills to the test and see just how fast you can undress this provocative blonde witch? This Halloween, forget the usual tricks – the real treat is in tearing off her clothes one square at a time..

Don’t just play the game - dominate it, and make this blonde slut yours piece by piece.

The only thing hotter than the Halloween flames burning outside is the fire you're about to ignite inside playing with this eager blonde.

A new, wild chapter of a voiced and animated hentai manga unfolds as a slimy tentacled creature crashes the grimy dungeon cell performance if you can even call the dark, damp prison beneath some masked pervert’s lair a stage. Japanese voices and text drive the raw narrative, so if you don’t catch every word, just lose yourself in the twisted action. Or better yet, invent your own filthy script as the tentacles writhe and the characters writhe in pleasure.

This isn’t just some static manga - every frame bursts with fluid animation, from the slick tentacle slithers to the desperate, needy moans. Every hotspot pulses with raw energy, begging for interaction as the monster’s appendages explore every inch of naked skin.

The story plunges you into a dark world where perversion meets fantasy in a sweaty, suffocating dungeon setting. It’s a raw, unfiltered look at a nightmare come alive, where helpless victims are toyed with and overwhelmed by otherworldly limbs.

If you crave hentai that pushes boundaries with authentic Japanese voice acting, seductive animation, and interactive hotspots, this game demands your attention. Let the tentacles wrap around your senses, drag you into a dark fantasy, and fuel your wildest desires.

Don’t just watch the chaos unfold - be part of it. Touch, tease, and torment as the tentacles claim their prize..

Celebrate the Christmas season with a steamy hentai sliding puzzle that’s both fun and addictive Use your mouse to drag the lines left or right, aligning every piece perfectly to reveal a hot cosplay babe with big tits Each image strip hides a tantalizing fragment of a gorgeous girl, daring you to solve the challenge Can you manage to assemble all these seductive puzzles? The satisfaction of seeing her fully revealed is worth every move Perfectly balanced between challenging and straightforward, this game keeps your fingers busy and your mind engaged Whether you're here for the alluring cosplay or the crisp Christmas theme, the sexy visuals will keep you hooked So grab your mouse and start sliding those puzzle pieces, teasing your way toward a luscious hentai reveal This is more than a puzzle; it’s a chance to indulge in some festive, erotic fun that’ll keep you entertained for hours

Ivan is stuck in a rut, an unemployed man crashing at his friend’s place, desperate for a fresh shot at life. His situation feels suffocating, weighed down by the stale air of stagnation as he ponders what steps to take next. Meanwhile, his friend is completely consumed with intense analysis work, keeping a safe distance emotionally and physically, leaving Ivan on his own.

This twisted thread of dependency and loneliness sets the stage for an erotic journey unlike any other: real human connections tangled with desire and raw emotion. As Ivan explores this adult-themed adventure, you become part of his intimate encounters and uncertain quests.

Every decision can unlock a new path - seduction, risk, or the pursuit of meaning in this raw, unfiltered story. This isn’t just a porn game but a real human experience exploring flawed characters and emotional turmoil mixed with intense physical scenes.

If you’re ready to unravel Ivan’s tangled life, pushing boundaries and chasing a fresh start through a volatile mix of sex and survival, this quest awaits.

This game comes as a single large file, so sit tight while everything loads fully. Once loaded, you can pick from three alluring characters: Satsuki, Lala, or Mamori. Your goal is to interact with the right tools by tapping specific spots to unlock the next 21 scenes and rack up points. Each action takes you deeper into the game’s provocative world, where every choice counts to push forward. As you advance, your progress is saved automatically in an exclusive gallery, letting you revisit all the images you’ve unlocked so far. The setting moves through a steamy Japanese subway train, where these women reveal their secret desires behind closed doors. Mrs. Satsuki’s elegance hides a wild side, Lala’s playful nature keeps things unpredictable, and Rinslet’s charm will draw you into her world. Every interaction is designed to keep you hooked, urging you to discover every secret and unlock every risqué image available. Don’t rush it - take your time to find the perfect spots and tools, because only precision unlocks the full experience. Whether you’re drawn to Satsuki’s mystique, Lala’s playful teasing, or Mamori’s quiet intensity, this game offers a rich blend of naughty fun and visual rewards. Grab your chance to explore hidden delights on the Japanese subway, unlocking every secret interaction along the way. Keep coming back to the game to build your gallery and relive the erotic scenes you fought to reveal.

This adult scene from a Source Man project by niiCri lets you interact intimately with a sultry nurse clad in a tight uniform Your task is simple yet enticing: click on each piece of clothing she wears to peel them away Once she's bare, the real interaction begins as you move your mouse to explore her body, teasing and touching every inch Buttons scattered across the screen let you control different actions, intensifying the experience with each choice you make Set against the sterile backdrop of a hospital room, the nurse’s flushed cheeks and eager eyes tell a story of secret desires and forbidden lust As you explore her body, the anticipation builds toward a climactic release, complete with realistic cumshot animations that add raw intensity Whether you're drawn to the nurse’s alluring uniform, the tactile gameplay, or the detailed animations, this interactive adult scene delivers a deeply immersive experience Grab your mouse, hold down the click, and start peeling away the layers to reveal the sultry nurse waiting beneath

Franks Experience 4 has dropped and it's rawer than ever. Head over to www.mausland.de to start your steamy journey. This installment cranks up the intensity with bigger boobs, deeper quests, and darker corners of the city to explore.

Play as Frank, who’s tangled in a web of lust and secrets, navigating alleys and hidden rooms where every choice pulls him deeper into erotic madness. The plot thickens with every mission: seduction battles, unexpected allies, and risqué challenges that will push you beyond restraint.

Explore a sprawling city filled with shadowed streets and luxurious hideouts where your decisions fuel the story’s sultry twists. From glitzy clubs to forbidden rooms, the environment is alive with temptation, crafted for your most explicit cravings.

Franks Experience 4 isn’t just about the eye-catching art and animations - it’s an evolving tale of passion and power, wrapped in stunning hentai style.

If your appetite lies in hefty curves, intricate plots, and juicy dialogues, this game is tailored for your pleasure.

Don’t hold back - immerse yourself in Frank’s world today and let the erotic escapades and city adventures overwhelm your senses. Visit www.mausland.de now and claim your spot in Franks Experience 4’s twisted playground.